Einfluss der Umnutzung eines 20-jährigen Miscanthusbestands auf die Humusgehalte und -qualität einer Parabraunerde

In einem Feldversuch nahe Freiburg soll der Einfluss einer ackerbaulichen Nutzung nach Miscanthusumbruch auf die Humusgehalte und –qualität einer Parabraunerde untersucht werden. In einem ersten Schritt wurden die Corg-Gehalte einer 20-jährigen Miscanthusfläche räumlich hoch aufgelöst bis 60 cm Tiefe untersucht und mit den Corg-Gehalten einer angrenzenden Ackerfläche verglichen. Mit 75,6 t C ha-1 wurden auf der Miscanthusfläche um 20 Tonnen höhere Corg-Gehalte gemessen als auf der benachbarten Ackerfläche. Dies entspricht somit einer jährlichen Zunahme der Corg-Gehalte von 1 t a-1. Die größte C-Zunahme wurde dabei in den obersten 10 Zentimeters des Bodens ermittelt. In einem Brutversuch mit Oberboden der beiden Versuchsflächen (25°C, 34 Tage) wurden bei Miscanthus 4,3% des organischen C als CO2 freigesetzt. Im Ackerboden waren dies lediglich 2,3% des organischen C. Das deutet auf einen höheren Anteil an labilem C bei Miscanthus hin und wurde durch einen ca. 3-fach höheren Anteil an heißwasserlöslichem C des Miscanthusbodens gegenüber dem Ackerboden bestätigt. 12C/13C-Isotopenmessungen ergaben zudem, dass das im Brutversuch freigesetzte CO2 nahezu vollständig Miscanthus-bürtig war. Auf dem Miscanthusfeld wurde 2015 ein Parzellenversuch etabliert. Auf vier Parzellen wird Miscanthus weiterhin genutzt, auf weiteren vier Parzellen wurde der Miscanthus im Frühjahr 2015 umgebrochen und eine Kleegrasmischung eingesät. Während sich die Corg-Gehalte der Miscanthusparzellen zwischen Frühjahr 2015 und Frühjahr 2016 nicht veränderten, wurde in der Umbruchvariante eine Abnahme der Corg-Gehalte um 2,8 t ha-1 ermittelt

Magnetic resonance imaging with pathological correlation in a case of mantle cell lymphoma of the parotid gland: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Mantle cell lymphoma is a rare non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It is a subtype of B-cell lymphoma with frequent involvement of the bone marrow and the gastrointestinal tract. Isolated parotid gland involvement seldom occurs. Here we report an unusual case of isolated infiltration of the parotid gland by mantle cell lymphoma. The aim of our study is to correlate magnetic resonance imaging findings with the histological features of the disease. To the best of our knowledge, no similar radiological findings of mantle cell lymphoma have been published before.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A 72-year-old Caucasian woman presented with a painful left parotid enlargement. She was diagnosed with mantle cell lymphoma involving the left submandibular gland seven years prior to presentation. Her whole body CT scan showed the absence of pathologically enlarged lymph nodes. However, a magnetic resonance imaging showed enlargement of her left parotid gland and an abnormal parenchyma with mixed-type solid and cystic lesions. A biopsy of her left parotid gland and subsequent histological examination confirmed a mantle cell lymphoma (common variant) relapse.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Although rare, the involvement of parotid gland with mantle cell lymphoma must be considered in the differential diagnosis of parotid tumors.</p

Regulation of SOX11 expression through CCND1 and STAT3 in mantle cell lymphoma

The neural transcription factor SOX11 is usually highly expressed in typical mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), but it is absent in the more indolent form of MCL. Despite being an important diagnostic marker for this hard-to-treat malignancy, the mechanisms of aberrant SOX11 expression are largely unknown. Herein, we describe 2 modes of SOX11 regulation by the cell-cycle regulator cyclin D1 (CCND1) and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). We found that ectopic expression of CCND1 in multiple human MCL cell lines resulted in increased SOX11 transcription, which correlated with increased acetylated histones H3K9 and H3K14 (H3K9/14Ac). Increased H3K9/14Ac and SOX11 expression was also observed after histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) or HDAC2 was depleted by RNA interference or inhibited by the HDAC inhibitor vorinostat. Mechanistically, we showed that CCND1 interacted with and sequestered HDAC1 and HDAC2 from the SOX11 locus, leading to SOX11 upregulation. Interestingly, our data revealed a potential inverse relationship between phosphorylated Y705 STAT3 and SOX11 expression in MCL cell lines, primary tumors, and patient-derived xenografts. Functionally, inactivation of STAT3 by inhibiting the upstream Janus kinase (JAK) 1 or JAK2 or by STAT3 knockdown was found to increase SOX11 expression, whereas interleukin-21 (IL-21)–induced STAT3 activation or overexpression of the constitutively active form of STAT3 decreased SOX11 expression. In addition, targeting SOX11 directly by RNA interference or indirectly by IL-21 treatment induced toxicity in SOX11^+ MCL cells. Collectively, we demonstrate the involvement of CCND1 and STAT3 in the regulation of SOX11 expression, providing new insights and therapeutic implications in MCL

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified: a report of 340 cases from the International Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma Project

The International Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma Project is a collaborative effort to better understand peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). A total of 22 institutions submitted clinical and pathologic material on 1314 cases. One objective was to analyze the clinical and pathologic features of 340 cases of PTCL, not otherwise specified. The median age of the patients was 60 years, and the majority (69%) presented with advanced stage disease. Most patients (87%) presented with nodal disease, but extranodal disease was present in 62%. The 5-year overall survival was 32%, and the 5-year failure-free survival was only 20%. The majority of patients (80%) were treated with combination chemotherapy that included an anthracycline, but there was no survival advantage. The International Prognostic Index (IPI) was predictive of both overall survival and failure-free survival (P < .001). Multivariate analysis of clinical and pathologic prognostic factors, respectively, when controlling for the IPI, identified bulky disease ( 65 10 cm), thrombocytopenia (< 150 7 109/L), and a high number of transformed tumor cells (> 70%) as adverse predictors of survival, but only the latter was significant in final analysis. Thus, the IPI and a single pathologic feature could be used to stratify patients with PTCL-not otherwise specified for novel and risk-adapted therapies

The dynamics of university units as a multi-level process. Credibility cycles and resource dependencies

This paper presents an analysis of resource acquisition and profile development of institutional units within universities. We conceptualize resource acquisition as a two level nested process, where units compete for external resources based on their credibility, but at the same time are granted faculty positions from the larger units (department) to which they belong. Our model implies that the growth of university units is constrained by the decisions of their parent department on the allocation of professorial positions, which represent the critical resource for most units’ activities. In our field of study this allocation is largely based on educational activities, and therefore, units with high scientific credibility are not necessarily able to grow, despite an increasing reliance on external funds. Our paper therefore sheds light on the implications that the dual funding system of European universities has for the development of units, while taking into account the interaction between institutional funding and third-party funding